Thickening material fob use in the



Patented Jan. 1, 1935 PATENT OFFICE THICKENING MATERIAL FOR USE IN THE PRINTING OF TEXTILE FABRICS Bruno Rewald, Hamburg, Germany, assignor to Hanseatls'che Muhlenwerke Aktiengesellschaft, 11$, Germ a joint-stock company of No 1mm. Application April 11, 1930, Serial In Germany May 17, 1929 6 Claims. (01. 131-1) The present invention relates to the manufacture of thickening materials for use in printing, particularly in the printing of textile fabrics, i. e., for making print goods".

In the textile industry various processes are employed for the printing of fabrics such as the so-termed hand printing, multi-color printing by rotary printing machines and printing by relief engravings. All these processes have in com- 10 men the fact that in order successfully to employ a the coloring materials a soft thickening material must be added thereto in order to obtain clear and satisfactory printing.

As suitable thickening agents gum tragacanth and gum arabic have been used principally while with the aid of common starch satisfactory results have not been obtained.

To avoid excessivegrinding between the scraper and rolls which gives rise to uneven wearing and to the so-called color stripes, mineral and vegetable oils have been added to the thickening material. This, however, has the further disadvantage that the distribution of the coloring material is uneven, solid color drying on the printing rolls and platens which subsequently may only partly be removed with the aid of knives. Thus, the pattern is indistinct and stains are formed.

According to the present invention a thickening material is produced with which these disadvantages are avoided. It permits the use of starch (or. dextrine) wholly, or at least for the greater part, in place of the more costly gum tragacanth or gum arabic. Moreover, the thickening materials may be mixed with mineral oils and fatty oils without the otherwise observed unfavorable action of the substances arising.

In order that the thickening materials may have these desirable properties, they are provided with an addition of phosphatides of vegetable or animal origin alone or added with fatty oils or mineral oils. Phosphatides of vegetable origin and those of animal origin can be included in the term phosphatides of organic origin". For this purpose, the phosphatides contained in soy beans cases impossible.

in the subsequent fixing of the colors by the action of steam which crust formation hinders the hiring and appreciably lengthens the time required therefor, does not occur. Further, no insoluble coagulations are produced in the textile thread, 5 and also the thickening, material is readily washed out of the printed textile product which in the case of certain colors employed otherwise is not a successful operation and even in some A further advantage of this thickening .gnaterial resides in the fact that by its employment no dragging of the prints results and further that it has no wetting action and thus is particularly suitable for the manufacture. of single sided 15 prints (1. e. fabric printed on one side only), consequently with favorable printing conditions there is an economy in dye. If it isdesired to print on both sides then a wetting agent for example, i the well known Turkey red oil is added to the 20' thickening material. The thickening material remains in an elastic state, which for the teel in hand printing processes or the color cloth of roller printing processes and the color roll in multicolor printing as in rotary, printing ma- 25 chines isarticularly advantageous and protects them wh n they are not in use.

The preparation of the phosphatides required for these thickening materials is achieved, for example, as follows:

Ground soy beans are extracted with a solvent comprising 90 parts of benzene and 10 parts of alcohol. The solvent removes chiefly the oil and the phosphatides. Following the evaporation of the benzene and alcohol an oil remains which 35 contains the phosphatide in solution. For the removal of the phosphatide exhaust, steam is led into the oil, whereby the phosphatide is precipitated. The phosphatide is removed and by oen-e trifuging freed from the greater part of theas- 4o sociated oil and is dried by distilling the water under reduced pressure. In this way a mixture containing about 60-70 parts of vegetable lecithin (in the free state) and 30-40 parts of soy bean oil is obtained.

In the same way the soy slime obtained in the extraction of soy beans with benzene may be employed for the same purpose, purifying the same in known manner with acetic ester or acetone. Also, waste phosphorus-containing decomposi- 50' tion products from this purification are suited for the purpose. I

One part of a mixture containing about of vegetable lecithin and 30% of soy bean oil are mixed withthreepartsof mineral oil whileaa ring.

stirring and heating to atemperature of C. and thus dissolved, to form a thoroughly homogeneous mixture which is designated mixture A, hereinafter.

Example 1. grammes of wheat starch are heated with 790 grammes of water until a thoroughly homogeneous and clear mifi'ture results. This constitutes an aqueous colloidal solution of starch. This is allowed to cool to about 60 C. and 60 grammes of mixture A added thereto with vigorous stirring. The mixture is treated in a stirring machine for four hours and allowed to cool slowly while stirring.

Example 2.-'75 grammes of gum tragacanth are agitated for 24 hours in 500 grammes of cold water when a further 365 grammes of water are added and heated while stirring for 24 hours. The water evaporated by the heating is suitably replaced by an equal quantity. After cooling to tained. The evaporated water'is replaced at -60 C. Then 60 grammes of the mixture A is slowly added and the'mixture allowed to cool slowly over a period of four hours while stir- Example 4.-500' grammesof gum arabic are mixed with 440 grammes of water while warming, and in a period of about 12 hours dissolved; to this material is slowly added 60 grammes of mixture A and the mixtureallowed to cool slowly over a period oi! four hours while stirring.

The carbohydrate materials, mentioned above can be embraced in the expression "colloidal carbohydrate".

1 claim- I 1. A thickened textile printing agent which contains an aqueous colloidal solution of a carbohydrate, an oil and a phosphatide of organic origin in a free state, all in the form of a homogeneous mixture, the carbohydrate being in amount much greater than either the oil or the phosphatide.

2. A thickened printing agent for printing textile fabrics, which contains an aqueous colloidal solution of a carbohydrate, an oil and soybean lecithin, in the form of a homogeneous mixture, the carbohydrate being in amount greater than the sum of the amounts of oil and lecithin.

3. A thickening agent for use in textile printing, which comprises, in a state of a homogeneous mixture, an extracted phosphatide and an aqueous paste of a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of starch, dextrine, gum tragacanth and gum arabic, the amount of said phosphatide being a minor fraction or the amount of said carbohydrate.

4. A thickening agent for use in textile printing, which comprises, in a state of a homogeneous mixture, an extracted phosphatide and an aqueous paste of a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of starch, dextrine, gum tragacanth and gum arable, the amount of said phosphatide being a minor fraction of the amount of said carbohydrate, together with an oil in amount less than the amount of carbohydrate.

5. A thickening agent for use in textile printing, which comprises, in a state of a homogeneous mixture, an extracted phosphatide and an aqueous paste of a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of starch, dextrine, gum tragacanth and gum arabic, the amount of said phosphatide beings. minor fraction of the amount of said carbohydrate, together with an oil and a wetting agent.

6. A thickening agent for use in textile printing, which comprises, in a state of a homogeneous mixture, extracted soya bean lecithin and an aqueous paste of a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of starch, dextrine, gum tragacanth and gum arabic, the amount of said phosphatide being a minor fraction of the amount of said carbohydrate.

. BRUNO REWALD. 

